Foundation De 11 Lijnen

Since the end of the sixties, works on paper have been sporadic intermezzi within Helmut Dorner’s oeuvre as a whole, and they are strictly separated from painting both in time and place. Dorner works on them only during specific periods when he feels that the lighting conditions are favourable and he uses a different studio so as not to confront these fragile works with his large formats. This strict separation may be indicative of misgivings on the part of the artist who wonders just what such intermezzi accomplish, and whether drawings and watercolours can essentially rank on a par with paintings. However, such doubts apply not only to works on paper; they are inherent in Dorner’s work, whose means serve to pursue the question of the picture as synthesis, and whether synthesis is indeed possible at all.

Painting can extend this question in time and substance since it is possible to try and try again, by applying paint, removing it, and covering it with another layer, but the use of aquarelles reduces the question to one fortuitous moment. By means of a few scattered, coloured markings, a configuration emerges in which the movement of the brush, the motif and pictorial space are intertwined. The movement of the brush is hesitant, arrests the flow, coalesces and becomes mere dabs of colour, then turns around and starts again – creeping up on its own intentions. Motif does not mean depiction of an object but rather a chance point of departure – a figure, a thought or a word – which ultimately gives the watercolour its enigmatic form. The execution of the watercolour delineates space not as a container, a box or a stage, but rather as a constantly reconfigured, unpretentious situation, in the process of which the motifs are divested of all personal vestiges.

In spring 2002 Helmut Dorner created a body of pictures in a concentrated period of work, using larger formats than usual, as if to underscore the independent nature of these works. The extremely diluted, pallid watercolours, the brittle mood of the earlier works is now complemented by stronger hues which correspond to the speckled puddles of colour in the recent paintings. In the watercolours these markings are scattered on the paper but do not cover it entirely. They do not start from the centre but rather emerge from the indifferent white by beginning in several places at once. A movement, a line – almost written –  or a series of dabs at times lend orientation to the surface. The superimposed watercolour washes seem to cancel out the contradictions which painting is compelled to confront and work out with its own energy. Every watercolour begins with the certainty that it has always already begun and will never come to a conclusive end.

Dieter Schwarz

The E-MAX has been exhibited in 2002 in the art space with a whole of 5 designs and 3 small, unique E-MAX sculptures (h: 90cm). The exhibition included an edition on paper of 40 pieces, which all has been worked on and have been coloured up by the artist.

"The E-MAX is a manpower backpack plane with clastic drive good for a flight of 4 seconds. Rewinded in 1 minute. The weight is 10 kg, the lifting power is 100 kg. The single propellerblade of 2,5 meter with contraweight is folding. It is the successor of the Katapult-MAX, who has a very good rubber-motor, but too small propellers." says Panamarenko.

The exhibition and the book entitled 'Der Ficker' are an act of homage. It is part of Franz West's artistic worldview to try and bring forth an imaginative reaction not only in the observers and the users of his artworks (fitted pieces, furniture, etc.). He shares his thinking with those around him, develop artistic ideas while communicating with others. and encourages gallerist, artists and thinkers to become active themselves. And thus this group of people - Clegg & Guttmann, Jörg Heiser, Benedikt Ledebur, Rudolf Polanszky, Johannes Schlebrügge, Klaus Thoman, Franz West - have come together over the space of a year and brought this exhibition.

With the exhibition title and the presentation of the book that will be published on the occasion by Schlebrügge Editor, the artists refer to the Innsbruch writer and publisher Ludwig van Ficker (1880-1967). In 1910 the latter founded 'Der Brenner' magazine which he also edited until 1954. He kept in close contact with many renowned artists and thinkers of his time, such as Karl Kraus, Oskar Kokoschka, Adolf Loos, Rainer Maria Rilke, Else Lasker Schüler and Georg Trakl, artists whose careers he also advanced as a patron. It is well known, for instance, that Ludwig Wittgenstein bequeathed a donation and asked him to distribute the funds. Karl Kraus famously remarked on the magazine: "That the only truly honest Austrian review appears in Innsbruck one should know, if not in Austria, at least in Germany, whose only truly honest review also appears in Innsbruck." The ironical reference to a magazine and its editor may yet contain the grave admonition that a town should remember its cultural achievements in a timely fashion and, wherever possible, surpass them.

This exhibition shall not only give visitors the opportunity to enter into a dialogue with the works presented and the potential space of their mutual connotations, but itself also endeavours to reach out the cultural setting of Innsbruck. Thus it shows a series of portraits by Clegg & Guttmann that were created in Innsbruck and a group of their famous 'Flesh' photographs; a number of large panels from Rudofl Polanszky's 'Reconstructions' series (1996-2004), as well as videos, stills montages, and ensembles from his fundamental investigations (Der musikalische Affe), Franz West contributes objects presenting well-know and more recent aluminium sculptures "collaged" as models and new sculptures.

Der Ficker. Second Series

2005 Franz West initiated together with Clegg & Guttmann, Rudolf Polanszky and Benedikt Ledebur the Exhibition "Der Ficker" in Innsbruck, named after Ludwig von Ficker, who with his art-magazine "Der Brenner" linked fine arts, philosophy, poetry and architecture in the first half of the 20th century. This Exhibition was shown also in 2005 at the "De 11 Lijnen" in Oudenburg. A second exhibition took place 2006 in the Palais Wittgenstein in Vienna, the group of artists enlarged by Tamuna Sirbiladze and Muntean/Rosenblum, accompanied by the philosophical lectures and poetry-readings.

The different positions of the artists, the different areas of art and the relations between them form a living organism, which to analyze would mean to do the job of a butcher. Nevertheless the connections show themselves and start their interplay with the architectural surroundings in Oudenburg as they did in the Wittgenstein-house in Vienna. Thus the group - Clegg & Guttmann, Benedikt Ledebur, Rudolf Polanszky, Johannes Schlebrügge, Klaus Thoman, and Franz West - have extended their circle since the first "Ficker" a year ago, invited other artists and authors, brought about a new exhibition, further literarily, art historical and philosophic contributions, as well as a new publication: Der Ficker second series.

To celebrate Louise Bourgeois's 95th birthday on December 24th 2006, Xavier Tricot was asked by Griet Dupont to organize an exhibition at the Foundation De Elf Lijnen in Oudenburg, near Ostend (Belgium). The title of the exhibition: Un salon pour Louise Bourgeois refers to the "Sunday Salons" that she would hold every week in her house in New York where artists, students, photographers, film makers, curators and amateurs from different spheres could get together and discuss their work and ideas. During these numerous meetings the cross pollination of ideas was not implausible and new friendships were wrought.

We asked Louise Bourgeois to select artists who have a special significance for her. Thus allowing her work to be confronted with works from a diverse selection of artists from different generations and artistic genres. There are works by James Ensor, Pierre Bonnard, Chaïm Soutine, Joan Miro and Medardo Rosso, amongst others. She became acquainted with the work of Bonnard, Miro and Soutine whilst studying in Paris before she left for New York in 1938 after her wedding to the American art historian Robert Goldwater. She first discovered the work of Joan Miro whilst she was still studying in Paris. His art was exhibited regularly at Galerie Pierre near the École des Beaux-Arts where she went to school. His work was a true revelation for her and the expression of a renewed vision of art. In New York during the forties she got to know him personally. Concerning Miro she said:

His move to Paris was not altogether positive; in his early Catalan landscapes and portraits, and his early abstract work, there was a deep emotion that seems to be lacking in his later years.

She got to know the work of James Ensor in greater depth at the retrospective in Antwerp in 1951. In her answer to the question if she had repressed her childhood years, she cites Ensor:

Yes, in fact, repression is not possible. One realises that sooner or later, repression isn't possible and it's very harmful to anyone's creative life... that's why, for example, I really like Ensor. Is that the opposite of repression? He tries to say everything, he tries to spout nonsense. The fact is that he was so repressed that he sometimes said the opposite of that which he wanted to say.

Louise Bourgeois was interviewed by George Melrod in October 1994 and asked about the artists that she had known personally:

Who are some of the artists who inspired you?

My favourite artist is Bacon. I like the way he talks and I like his kind of subjects, and I like his rendering. It's simply true.

Some of your early work almost look like Miro.

Well, my relation with Miro... my dates, you see, have allowed me to know these people personally.

Was Miro a likable guy?

He was a nice person. Bacon was not naive at all. Bacon had a solid intellect, and he loved courage.

I read somewhere that you knew Duchamp.

Yes, right. Duchamp did not trust his emotions. He worked very hard at looking cool. I don't think that he felt cool. He wanted to put up a good front.

He seemed sexually confused in his work.
Well, let's not talk about that. [pause] I think Duchamp, if you had asked him that question, he would have said: "Well, why talk about sex? Is that so important?" He would not have admitted that is was terribly important. But he was very witty, and people would have accepted his answer. Bacon, if you had asked the same question, would have said: "My God, I'm dying of it! I'm dying of too much passion!" Pierre Bonnard would have responded: "Do you want to make me cry?" And Miro would have said: "Oh it's amusing." If you would ask Louise Bourgeois: "Sex? What do yo mean, it does not exist."

Concerning Francis Bacon she said:

The intensity of Francis Bacon's works moves me deeply. I react positively. I sympathize. His suffering communicates. The definition of beauty is a kind of intimacy in the visual. I feel for Bacon even though his emotions are not mine.

The physical reality of his works is transformed and transcended. His room does not obey the laws of perspective. To look at his pictures makes me alive. I want to share it. It's almost the expression of love.

In 1999 she wrote an interesting text concerning the English painter first published in the series Repères by Galerie Lelong in Paris.

The affinity that Louise Bourgeois associates with an artist like Robert Gober lies in their search for an artistic representation of Freudian impulses (Eros & Thanatos) as the basis of their work. And where Jenny Holzer is concerned, Louise Bourgeois shared with her the same fascination for the 'statement'. Louise Bourgeois as much as Holzer sought to express 'personal truth' in concise terms. It was like a therapeutic 'medicine' and was for both artists of primary importance.

Tradition, Expansion, Exile, 
Individual paths in Chinese contemporary art 

The contemporary art world craves for novelty: the best reason for Chinese art to be so trendy is also the worst one. Chinese art is new, brand new, here is the summary of its appeal. This fascination has indeed consequences in terms of what we see, thus what we like in Chinese art, or what we call Chinese art per se. Emerging through violent performances and radical installations, discovered in the early 90's, Chinese art quickly spread in the international market with an easier product : paintings which directly or indirectly refered to political and social aspects of Communist culture. Another generation relied on video and photography to depict the amazing growth of the cities and the increasing changes in the economy. 

But how much of our own culture is projected on this short history of Chinese art? How much of ourselves do we impose on the notion of being "Chinese"? Can the “Chinese art” figure be avoided, and is it possible instead to select a group of interesting artists in China? Once chosen without criteria of age and personal history or carrier, these individual paths have indeed common points, which depict another vision of art, as taking its origin in an Eastern part of the world and in a completely different civilization.

These common points seem to stem from a single principle : the tension between the individual and the group, identity and culture, has been for a long time, and still is for many reasons, completely different in China. History, tradition, ancestors and/or collective attitude are given a much stronger importance in this Eastern part of the world, than in our European culture. Here, in the West, the self, the single person, is somehow always protected, or at least taken for granted, thanks to our definition of philosophy, the strength of psychoanalysis and the developments of Occidental medicine. The shape of occidental art history reflects this definition of the self : avant-garde and invention are at the core of our definition of the 20th century. In China, these notions are still goals to fight for. 

Therefore the questioning of what is identity, or the shaping of an artist's critical point of view takes on a deeper significance in the East. There, a singular energy is often defined in contrast to a collective one; difference or critic have had strong consequences in the recent past: whereas emigration, exile, or actual geographical distance... By the same token, collective impulse, and synergies are more respected in Chinese culture; balance and harmonies driven from contrasting forces are considered as positive and a subject in itself. 

Individual energies, collective synergy : the exhibition relies indeed on those simple principles. The regional diversity in the artists origins is part of the explanation, but also the width of generations : a group of mature artist, born in the 50's and mostly living outside China, coexist with a younger generation who has stayed and reacted differently to difficult conditions, and a still younger generation who has been quickly recognized by the art world. Still, it is amazing to see how much they have in common : their understanding of tradition as an essential base for aesthetic, their taking into account of the violence of chinese expansion -urban, economical, and the necessity of exile, either actual or metaphorical.

It’s interesting to point how Chinese culture, including visual arts, still refers strongly to tradition as a positive asset, and relies on another notion of time – cyclic, repeating, re using the same forms over and over again.  Calligraphy (Xu Bing), classical compositions in ink art (Hong Lei), or found stones (Zhan Wang) are three examples of these recurring forms, treated by three contemporary artists very much in a Chinese manner : that is, not new, but only slightly differently the same. Art lies as much in the slight difference as in the recurrence. The use of actual historical or traditional objects is recurrent in many artists' works (Ai Weiwei), but they can also be  mimicked  (Huang Yongping) or poetically evoked (Chen Zhen).

A trip in China calls for disgust or fear : the worst of our future is here already in the enormous megalopoles spreading over the destroyed monuments of the past, in an apology of consumerism grown out of years of starvation. Criticism would be too slow, history is over before it’s even started. Very little is left of recent history, and the artist is a rare witness of its ruins (Rong  Rong). To react against this massive expansion and this distortion of time, only passive resistance seems available. Either you accept that images are stronger than what they come from, that virtual has taken over the real (Wang Du); or you create very personal images between painting and photography (Qiu Xiao Fei) to save the idea of Past; or again you invent a very personal space, where City rimes with Poetry (Yin Xiuzhen).

An important number of artist have indeed chosen to exile ; the reasons differing from one generation to another. But all of them had to reinvent a specific vocabulary between the rules of tradition they escaped but for a part admired, and the occidental world they had to embrace but with a critical distance. Whether in Paris, France (Chen Zhen, Huang Yongping), Amsterdam, Netherlands (Ni Haifeng), New York, USA ( Cai Guoqiang), they use the medium of installation to mix bits of their original culture as seen from afar, and  parts of a world they inhabited as seen from an exile’s distanced point of vue. There is no point in choosing between modernity and tradition, Orient and Occident : as an exile you have to create a go-between space, and an in-between time. Painting as a technique from the past can be used as a mean for an "inner exile" (Xie Nanxing, Wang Xingwei).

'Rose is a Rose is a Rose' is Gertrude Stein's most famous quote from her poem Sacred Emily exemplifying her idiosyncratic, experimental style of writing. Using simple words in different variations and in repetition Stein opened avenues for new metaphors and webs of suggestive meanings that transformed Modernist Literature. The repetitive nuances of her words are drawn upon for this exhibition to introduce for the first time together three significant women artists of the Japanese post war era; Yayoi Kusama, Atsuko Tanaka and Tsuruko Yamazaki.

At the occasion of the Triennial Beaufort 2009, the foundation 'De 11 Lijnen' is pleased to announce an open-air exhibition, complementary to the exhibition organized at the Belgian coast by the Kunstmuseum aan Zee, Ostend. 

The exhibition presents sculptures from internationally well-known artists in dialogue with an exceptional surrounding, the site of the foundation 'De 11 Lijnen' in Oudenburg.

Giovanni Anselmo, Xu Bing, Louise Bourgeois, Anish Kapoor, Not Vital, Zhan Wang and Franz West have each been invited to install a sculpture in the polder landscape. 

'Sculpture in Nature, Nature of Sculpture': the exhibition brings the essence of both together. The experience of nature is transcended by the sculpture with which it is related.

The exhibition is constructed around a recent mirror/glass object by Gerhard Richter; it consists of a selection of works which might be freely read in the context of this reference work. Given that Richter’s mirror/glass is an ambivalent object which reflects its surroundings, including the spectator, and at the same time offers transparency, the exhibition proposes two groups of works which mutually connect.

On one side, adjoining Richter’s mirror/glass, are some works which develop the idea of the reflection, i.e. of the doubling of the image, with the deadpan expression of the mute, tautological object. However, the transparent glass plane in front of the wall suggests also another relationship between object, spectator and space which could be described in terms of architecture. The mirror/glass might suggest the framing of the wall, a picture which rather than offering something for view is part of a construction, letting the ligt pass onto/into the elements of a building.

It seems tempting to follow this path and to place a few works in the exhibition space which deal with similar topics, at times even picking on the theme of the reflection again.

Dieter Schwarz
curator of Da Capo

Drawings & installation by Mario Sala

Pictures alone cannot contain the creations of artist Mario Sala, based in Winterthur. On the contrary, they are the offshoots of work that has emerged within the framework of larger projects. Over the past few years, visitors at museums, Kunsthalles and galleries in Switzerland have seen sketches of projects, pictures and objects, which may be either linked to an installation or function as a self-contained works.

An essential quality of Sala's work lies in the fact that it does not seek identification with genres, such as painting, drawing, or object, but instead observes and uses these categories as things among many others. The object is juxtaposed with drawings and paintings and becomes their counterpart in reality. This explains - almost paradoxically - why Sala possesses such a keen painterly sensibility as evidenced, for example, in his treatment of color. He is most faithful to reality when he appears to be inventing: matter-of-fact observation provides the stuff of his work. His own photographs often supply the point of departure for his pictures. Having made ink-jet prints out of them, he then colors the copies, undermining the reportage value of the original photographs. The subsequent ruptures and destruction, added to and imposed on the depicted scenes, both enhance and endanger the artist's subject matter.

Dieter Schwarz.